Audio Fundamentals Collier Test 1 Practice

These questions are part of the practice quiz. Start practicing

• What function does the foldback system serve on a console?
• An expander is typically used to accomplish which task?
• When two pure tones with a large frequency difference are combined, which phenomenon occurs?
• What is the beating phenomenon that occurs when two tones are close in frequency?
• Which term describes a wave that travels through the fluid of the inner ear to convey vibrations?
• Which concept describes how hearing response varies with loudness level across different frequencies?
• The result of sequencing or recording in a DAW is typically called a:
• What standard MIDI specification ensures that multiple devices produce the same sound when given the same MIDI data?
• What does DSP stand for?
• Which harmonic corresponds to twice the fundamental frequency?
• What does ADSR stand for in sound envelope terminology?
• Which phenomenon occurs when a sound source moves relative to the listener, causing pitch to rise as it approaches and fall as it recedes?
• The phase relationship between two waves is measured in which unit?
• Who discovered the Equal Loudness Curves?
• What is the stretched, drumlike membrane that vibrates when acoustic waves strike it?
• A pot is short for which component?
• What happens to frequencies below the cutoff in a high-pass filter?
• Which type of equalization is most common on budget mixers for adjusting Treble and Bass?
• A 'dry' sound lacks what effect?
• Which audio file format is NOT a lossy codec?
• Which cells run along the basilar membrane to help transduce sound?
• Which frequency range corresponds to Inter-aural Time Difference (ITD)?
• A Rex loop file uses this process to match tempo changes in a musical composition.
• In dynamic processing, the threshold control sets the level at which compression begins.
• Timing errors in sampling clock frequency are called which term?
• Waves that have equal amplitudes but are exactly opposite in phase result in what phenomenon?
• Connect MIDI THRU to which port on another device?
• Which component converts sound waves in air to electrical signals in wires?
• Which option represents the measurement used to approximate human hearing response that is sometimes labeled with A, B, and C?
• What term refers to the frequency bandwidth of the auditory filter created by the cochlea?
• Gain structure refers to which of the following?
• This type of reverb device uses an electromechanical transducer to create a vibration in a large piece of sheet metal.
• What term is used to describe the frequency response of the ear?
• When two pure tones have a frequency difference of about 15 Hz, what is observed?
• The decay time of a reverb is defined as how long it takes for the initial sound to decay by 60 dB.
• Each time you double the distance from the sound source, the dB SPL will decrease by how many decibels?
• Which professional creates the footstep and door creak sounds to accompany a film scene?
• Which component conveys auditory information to the brain as electrical signals?
• Hertz (Hz) are also known as what units?
• Which professional designs and times sound effects to complement on-screen scenes?
• Which component is used to record information on magnetic tape?
• Which role is primarily responsible for shaping the artistic and sonic vision of a recording project?
• Which frequency range is associated with IAD?
• MIDI primarily transmits which type of data?
• dBu is a unit used to measure what?
• The rate at which vibrations are produced.
• Which term correctly names the three small bones in the middle ear?
• Which concept defines the bandwidth of the auditory filter created by the cochlea and affects how sounds are grouped?
• What term describes when the crest of one wave meets the trough of another, reducing amplitude?
• What is MIDI sequencing primarily used to record?
• Which term describes loudness curves that vary with frequency?
• What is the perceptual attribute corresponding to the frequency of a sound?
• What phenomenon occurs when a louder sound makes it harder to hear a softer sound?
• Which part of the ear contains the Cochlea and Semicircular Canals?
• A compression ratio describes the relationship between which levels?
• What term describes a device that changes one form of energy into another?
• Which term is defined as a unit for describing loudness levels of pure tones, equating to 1 dB SPL at 1 kHz?
• Which nerve carries the bioelectric signal from the ear to the brain?
• Which structure is described as a membrane that is part of the cochlea on the side where the ossicles are?
• What is the stiff structural element that separates the two liquid-filled tubes in the cochlea?
• Nyquist Law states that the minimum sample rate must be at least which of the following?
• Which role maintains and operates the monitor mixing console used by performers?
• If you are mixing signals from two microphones placed at different distances from your mouth, what effect should the engineer be aware of?
• The hardware device that gives the user access to hands-on controls for the on-screen mixer in the DAW is known as?
• Auxiliary sends for headphone mixes should be set to which position to be independent of the main fader?
• What are the integer multiples of the fundamental frequency called?
• Which phenomenon is also called the Precedence Effect?
• Two waves with equal amplitude that are exactly opposite in phase produce what result?
• Which perceptual phenomenon shows interaction between hearing and vision in speech perception?
• Which structure equalizes air pressure between the outside and middle ear?
• Which term describes the phenomenon where arrival time differences of a sound at two microphones cause certain frequencies to be boosted while others are canceled due to constructive and destructive interference?
• What is the main purpose of artificial reverb in a recording?
• Perception of the direction of a sound source is determined by the wavelength and the phase.
• Which component comprises bundles of nerve fibers that receive sound from hair cells?
• Which part functions to equalize pressure and connects the middle ear to the throat?
• The vibrations of the ear drum are carried across the middle ear by hammer, anvil, and stirrup. Which set of bones is this describing?
• Which term describes the perception of sound direction based on wavelength and phase?
• Which professional works on set to record and mix the music for film or television during recording sessions?
• The Equal Loudness Curves are associated with which researchers?
• MIDI THRU is used to pass incoming MIDI data to which destination?
• What is the velocity of sound under average humidity at 70 degrees Fahrenheit?
• Who is a member of a film crew responsible for recording all sound on set during the filmmaking for later inclusion in the finished product?
• Which component is associated with reading or writing on magnetic tape?
• What is the expression of any periodic function as a sum of sine and cosine functions?
• In groove-based music production, which term describes a timing-adjustable loop component?
• Which unit is used to measure sound pressure?
• The perceptual phenomenon that shows interaction between hearing and vision in speech perception is known as what?
• Which device is used to read the magnetic information on tape and produce an electrical signal?
• The threshold of hearing is approximately how many millipascals?
• Which device is primarily used to convert analog audio signals to digital data and back?
• Which parameter describes how 'sharp' or 'broad' the EQ peak is?
• How many channels are available on each MIDI port?
• Which device converts electrical signals in wires into magnetic flux on tape?
• A sampler is best described as:
• A console described as 48 x 8 x 2 has how many busses or groups?
• Which property represents the position within a cycle of a waveform, expressed in degrees?
• What is the wavelength of a 20 Hz sound wave at room temperature?
• Which structures comprise the Outer Ear?
• Which role handles the technical aspects of recording, including microphone placement and level setting?
• Which role works on all stages after recording to finalize the audio for the finished product?
• Which tubular, snail-like organ contains two fluid-filled chambers?
• What does MIDI stand for?
• dBu is a measurement of?
• Which input is standard for connecting microphones on a mixer?
• The speed of sound at room temperature is typically stated as approximately how many feet per second?
• Which structure catches and focuses acoustic waves into the ear canal?
• Which device converts grooves cut in a disk surface to electrical signals in wires?
• Which term describes a region of higher-than-average air pressure in a sound wave?
• The person responsible for recording all dialogue and ambient sound on set during filming is the
• The cue that causes sound to arrive at the closer ear first is the?
• Which formula expresses wavelength as velocity divided by frequency?
• What term refers to a device that converts a signal from one energy form to another?
• Which cue uses differences in amplitude between ears due to head shadow, with low frequencies diffracting and high frequencies not?
• What is the term for the path the audio takes through the audio chain?
• Which role is associated with recording all sound on set during filmmaking for inclusion in the final product?
• As the frequency increases, what happens to the wavelength?
• Which membrane on the end of the cochlea transmits sounds to nerves and the brain?
• What is one complete cycle of a waveform called, without repeating?
• Which statement best describes WAV format?
• Which auditory effect causes the perceived location to be determined by the first arriving wave?
• An audio bus is best described as which of the following?
• Which extension is commonly used for MIDI data files?
• Which professional plans and provides the sound effects used to support on-screen action?
• Which term refers to the three small bones in the middle ear that transmit vibrations from the eardrum?
• Which membrane is part of the cochlea on the side where the ossicles are located?
• What term describes the speed at which sound travels through a medium?
• Who discovered the Equal Loudness Curves?
• In general, how does increasing frequency affect wavelength?
• On a mixer, what is the primary purpose of a bus?
• Which term describes the rate at which vibrations are produced?
• Which role is primarily responsible for mixing the audio in a live radio broadcast?
• Inside the inner ear, which structures supply balance information to the brain?
• What is the third harmonic of 300 Hz?
• Sine waves have which harmonics?
• Saying that a plugin is 'native' means?
• Which part is primarily responsible for collecting sound and guiding it into the ear canal?
• Which role is responsible for the creation of electronic music?
• The side chain input on a compressor is commonly called the?
• Compared to a graphic EQ, a parametric EQ provides which advantage?
• Which concept defines the envelope of a sound including Attack, Decay, Sustain, and Release?
• Wavelength = velocity / frequency.
• What is the most common professional microphone connector called?
• What term describes the phenomenon when two waves align in phase and combine to produce a higher amplitude?
• Which statement about WAV files is true?
• An increase in atmospheric pressure.
• In groove-based music production, which description best fits a loop?
• Which professional is primarily responsible for creating and recording sounds that accompany onscreen actions during film production?
• Which structure within the inner ear is the sensory organ of hearing and contains the hair cells?
• Which parameters are adjustable on a parametric EQ?
• If you want to send a signal from a channel to an external processor and back, which path components are involved?
• Which structure within the cochlea is the sensory organ of hearing?
• What term describes the frequency bandwidth of the auditory filter created by the cochlea?
• Which term describes the time interval between successive identical points on a periodic wave?
• Which channel control is used to set the level of a channel in the main mix?
• What term describes a device that converts energy from one form to another in an audio system?
• Shelving EQ affects which portion of the spectrum?
• Which part of the ear contains the eardrum, ossicles, and Eustachian tube?
• The quality of sound that distinguishes different sources playing the same pitch is called:
• Which term expresses the artist's music and the producer's concepts and intent through the medium of recording technology?
• What term describes a ringing in the ear caused by hearing damage?
• What is the name of the process that adds a delayed version of a signal to itself, producing constructive and destructive interference?
• Which term refers to the small bones in the middle ear collectively known as the ossicles?
• Measurement of the degree of change in atmospheric pressure caused by sound waves.
• What term is commonly used for the Ear Drum?
• Who helps the artist and record company create the best possible recorded performance and final product that reflects the artist's vision?
• Which property of sound is determined by the relative strengths of the overtones and gives a tone its color?
• What is the value of the 4th harmonic of 300 Hz?
• The Eustachian tube is part of which ear region?
• Which structure is fluid-filled and contains hair-like cells?
• Which role is responsible for recording sessions for overdubbing lines in a film that needed to be rerecorded?
• Which term describes the quality of a sound that is determined by its overtone content?
• What term is used for loudness levels of pure tones, defined so that 1 phon equals 1 dB SPL at 1 kHz?
• In digital audio recording, PCM stands for which term?
• What phenomenon occurs when two tones of similar frequencies produce a fluctuating loudness, commonly called beating?
• Which device reads disk grooves and produces an electrical signal?
• Which connection point would you use on a console to insert an external compressor into the signal chain?
• Which phenomenon occurs when a louder sound masks a softer sound?
• CDs use how many bits per sample?
• Which component converts sound waves in air to nerve impulses in the brain?
• Which component transmits vibrations from the eardrum to the inner ear?
• Which structures are involved in balance and spatial orientation?
• One complete cycle of a waveform without repetition is called what?
• Who is responsible for recording sessions for overdubbing lines in a film that needed to be rerecorded?
• Which term describes an increase in atmospheric pressure?
• What is the frequency of the note two octaves above concert A?
• Which structure houses the organ of Corti?
• Which specialist studies the physical properties of sound, such as frequency and amplitude?
• What is the name of the ringing in the ear caused by hearing damage?
• Doubling the distance from a sound source causes the dB SPL to decrease by how much?
• If a compressor threshold is set at 0 dB and the compression ratio is 2:1, an input signal of +12 dB would produce an output of how many dB?
• What describes the primary purpose of the monitor section on a mixing console?
• In acoustic science, which expert studies how sound propagates in different environments?
• Two pure tones with a large frequency difference are combined.
• Data compression in audio storage primarily aims to reduce what?
• Which device converts magnetic flux on tape into electrical signals in wires?
• What is the fundamental frequency of concert A (the standard tuning pitch)?
• An area behind an obstruction where sound waves do not reach is called?
• How far along its cycle a given waveform is (0-360 degrees).
• The range of frequencies in human hearing is typically stated as what?
• What type of wave passes along the basilar membrane carrying vibrations?
• Which is the most common lossy compression system in use today?
• Cochlea and Semicircular Canals are components of which part of the ear?
• The primary purpose of a General MIDI mapping is:
• What term describes the frequency region masked by the louder sound?
• Which professional is responsible for handling the audio feed for live radio broadcasts?
• What name is given to a time processor effect that replicates an instrument playing the same part again?
• The role most closely linked to live front-of-house audio for a live show is the
• Which role focuses on mixing audio for the audience of a live show?
• Which device converts electrical signals in wires to sound waves in air?
• dBm is used to measure which electrical quantity?
• Which option is NOT a typical analog audio level?
• Which role is responsible for creating electronic music?
• What unit expresses the slope of an audio filter?
• When two waves align in phase, resulting in higher amplitude, this is due to?
• Two waves of equal amplitude that are out of phase will do what when mixed together?
• A soft synth is what kind of instrument?
• If the fundamental frequency is 440 Hz, what is the frequency of the second harmonic?
• A ringing or whistling in the ear is known as what?
• What describes any device that converts one form of energy into another form?
• What perceptual phenomenon demonstrates interaction between hearing and vision in speech perception?
• Which term refers to the natural tendency of an object to vibrate at a specific frequency?
• A ratio of 2 watts to 1 watt would be?
• Which device creates a chorus-like sound by rotating speakers and exploiting a Doppler-like effect?
• Which professional is responsible for mixing sound for a live radio broadcast?
• The function of a pan control could be to do which of the following?
• In groove-based music production, a loop is which of the following?
• What term describes the maximum displacement of a vibrating object from its rest position?
• 0 dB SPL corresponds to which auditory threshold?
• Sound arrives at the closer ear first.
• When two waves are combined and their peaks align, the resultant amplitude increases. This condition is described as being:
• Which term describes a condition where equal phase delays and transient disparities make localization impossible?
• Which interval is defined by a frequency that is half or double another frequency?
• Two waves mixed together will increase in amplitude when they are in what phase relationship?
• Which recording approach involves close miking and multi-tracking?
• 0 dB SPL is equal to?
• Which cue is more effective for localizing low-frequency sounds?
• Which role is responsible for recording and producing the music score for film or TV during production sessions?
• Which role helps the artist and record company create the best possible recorded performance and final product that reflects the artist's vision?
• What is the second harmonic of 300 Hz?
• Which role shapes the soundtrack for a film by designing and timing sound effects?
• Which device converts electrical signals in wires to sound waves in air?
• Which role is responsible for mixing sound for live radio?
• Which role is responsible for recording all sound on set during filmmaking for later inclusion in the finished product?
• Time delay caused by digital signal processing is called which of the following?
• Which is a lossless audio codec?
• To connect an electric guitar directly into a console preamplifier, which device is typically required?
• If two pure tones differ by about 15 Hz, what acoustic pattern is produced?
• Which equipment uses rotating speakers to create a chorus effect?
• Which professional is responsible for recording sounds to match on-screen action filmed?
• The number of bits per second (bits/s) or bit rate can be found by
• What type of cable wiring is used in professional audio to help reject noise?
• Which cue is primarily responsible for localization at high frequencies due to head shadow?
• The tympanic membrane that separates the outer ear from the middle ear is commonly called the
• Which role records the sounds to match live sounds filmed?
• Which component carries the bioelectric signal to the brain?
• Which role handles the monitor mixing console and the band’s in-ear monitors during a show?
• What is the stretched, drumlike membrane that vibrates as acoustic waves strike it?
• Which structure is described as a wave that passes along the basilar membrane, carrying the vibrations?
• What term refers to the amplitude differences due to head shadow at high frequencies?
• Which section of the console allows you to choose the source to listen to, adjust speaker loudness, and select which speakers to listen to?
• Which phenomenon uses the time of first arrival to locate the direction of a sound?
• In MIDI editing, which term describes aligning timing to the nearest grid division?
• Which role works during the recording sessions to record and mix the music for film/TV?
• Which term is defined as the time difference in sound arrival between the two ears?
• Which process is used to adjust the tempo of a loop to match the project tempo without changing pitch?
• A low (slow) sampling frequency will most impact the
• Which structure among the inner ear is most closely associated with balance rather than hearing?
• Who expresses the artist's music and the producer's concepts and intent through the medium of recording technology?
• The three basic analog audio levels in the analog domain are which of the following?
• Which term describes the phenomenon where louder sounds mask softer sounds within neighboring frequency regions?
• Which component converts sound waves in air into nerve impulses in the brain?
• What is the primary purpose of a compressor?
• Which part of the ear includes the Pinna and the Auditory Canal?
• What term refers to adding a delayed version of a signal to itself, producing constructive and destructive interference?
• Which structure is about 1-1.5 inches long and has a resonance around 3 kHz?
• Which structures comprise the Middle Ear?
• Which expert in physics specializes in the properties of sound?
• Which device converts electrical signals in wires to magnetic flux on tape?
• Which psychoacoustic effect is described as a louder sound masking the perception of a quieter sound nearby in frequency?
• Which device rotates to produce a chorus-like effect via the Doppler effect?
• Which professional works on all stages after the initial studio recording has taken place?
• Which role is responsible for mixing audio for a live show audience?
• Which term describes the audible range of human hearing from 20 Hz to 20,000 Hz?
• What term is used to describe the level measurement that accounts for perception of loudness across frequencies, often expressed in phon units?
• The number of cycles per unit of time. Measured in Hertz (Hz).
• The frequency region masked by the louder sound is known as what?
• Which term represents how quickly a vibration repeats per unit time and is measured in Hz?
• An area behind an obstruction where sound waves do not reach is called?
• What is the audible range of hearing?
• What term describes how far the air particles move during a sound wave?
• An interval between two pitches whose frequencies are half or double is called what?
• What is the primary function of a plug-in within a DAW?
• Which structures comprise the Inner Ear?
• Which term describes the speed at which sound waves propagate through air under standard conditions?
• Which part of the ear is primarily responsible for catching and funneling sound into the ear canal?
• Which concept describes how the direction of a sound source is perceived based on wavelength and phase?
• A note two octaves above concert A has which frequency?
• Which membrane at the end of the cochlea transmits sounds toward the nerves and brain?
• Which device converts sound waves in air into electrical signals in wires?
• In the recording industry, which role oversees the entire recording project, including managing the budget, organizing sessions, hiring musicians, and working with the artist to realize the creative vision and commercial viability?
• What term describes an area where sound waves fail to reach due to obstruction?
• Which term is used to approximate human hearing response using A, B, C labels?
• Which cells have bundles of cilia and receive sound from the hairs on the basilar membrane?
• What is the frequency ratio that defines an octave?
• What is the threshold of hearing expressed in pascals?
• What is the general term for a device that converts energy from one form to another?
• The range typically associated with the threshold of pain in sound pressure level is what?
• Increasing the bit depth in a PCM digital system increases which aspect?
• Who works during recording sessions to record and mix the music for film/TV?
• What phenomenon prevents accurate localization of a sound source when equal phase delays and transient disparities are present?
• Which structure is a membrane at the end of the cochlea that transmits sounds to nerves?
• What term describes the audio effect created when a signal is combined with a delayed version of itself, producing peaks and notches in the frequency response?
• Which role is responsible for editing, mixing, and adding effects after the initial recording?
• A pure sine wave contains how many harmonics?
• What effect describes the pitch change that occurs when a sound source moves relative to a listener, increasing as it approaches and decreasing as it recedes?
• Which role works on all stages after the actual recording in a studio happens?
• AFL and PFL are features associated with which console function?
• Which device converts electrical signals in wires into sound waves in air?
• When the crest of one wave meets the trough of another, amplitude lowers due to?
• Which parameter directly controls the maximum frequency that can be accurately represented in PCM?
• The integer multiples of the fundamental frequency, such as the first at 440 Hz and the second at 880 Hz, are called what?
• dBm is a measurement of?
• What is SPL Weighted measurement?
• A device that generates audio in response to MIDI data and exists as software is called:
• Which term describes the amplitude differences between ears caused by the head shadow, particularly at higher frequencies?
• ADT stands for what in audio production?
• What is the purpose of the anti-aliasing filter at the input of a PCM digital system?
• Which perceptual phenomenon demonstrates hearing-vision interaction in speech perception?
• Which term describes intentionally added noise to randomize quantization error?
• What effect does increasing bit depth have on quantization error?
• The output of a sequencer recording is best described as:
• The term MIDI data refers to:
• Which component forms the primary transduction site for sound within the inner ear?
• Filters are usually identified by which parameter?
• What happens if sampling rate is less than twice the highest signal frequency?
• A drum machine is an example of:
• Which professional is responsible for the operation of the monitor mixing console, and the maintenance and repair of the band's in-ears?
• In MIDI terminology, a 'note on' message indicates:
• What term defines a device that converts a signal in one form of energy to a signal in another form of energy?
• Which inner ear structure is described as supplying balance information to the brain?
• Which recording technique involves capturing several takes and layering them to create a fuller performance?
• What term refers to a person who specializes in the physics of sound?
• Data compression is used to
• Which role is primarily responsible for capturing the artist's performance during recording and applying the producer's creative ideas?
• Which structure equalizes air pressure between the outside environment and the middle ear?
• The distance a wave travels during one cycle is known as what?
• The threshold of pain is typically in which dB SPL range?
• Which term describes a decrease in atmospheric pressure?
• Which role plans and provides the sound effects for screen action?
• In pitch terminology, which interval has a frequency ratio of 2:1?
• All analog EQs and many digital EQs create what three parameters when used?
• What does the threshold control on a compressor set?
• What term describes the effect where arrival time differences between two microphones cause a boost at some frequencies and cancellation at others?
• Which component reads the grooves on a disk and converts them into an electrical signal?
• A decrease in atmospheric pressure.
• 1130 ft/s in average humidity and at 70 degrees.
• What is the measurement of the degree of change in atmospheric pressure caused by sound waves?
• Which structure is the primary site for converting mechanical vibrations into neural signals in hearing?
• Which organ is described as a tubular, snail-like structure containing two fluid-filled chambers?
• Which structure initiates mechanical transmission by moving the fluids in the inner ear?
• Which analysis expresses any periodic function as a sum of sine and cosine functions?
• The time-dependent shape of a sound's amplitude is known as the:
• Which structure is 1 to 1.5 inches long and resonates at approximately 3 kHz?
• Which feature separates the two liquid-filled tubes within the cochlea?
• What is the stiff structural element that separates the two liquid-filled tubes in the cochlea?
• The envelope that shapes how a note's amplitude changes over time is called the what?
• Which measurement uses weighting curves to approximate human hearing and is commonly referred to as SPL Weighted measurement?
• The cue associated with amplitude differences caused by head shadow, especially at higher frequencies, is:
• Which description best characterizes the flanging effect?
• Which device converts magnetic flux on tape to electrical signals in wires?
• Which term describes the bandwidth concept associated with the cochlea's auditory filter?
• Which role handles the operation of the monitor mixing console and maintenance of performers' in-ear monitors?
• The 'thru' port on a MIDI interface provides?
• Which is NOT a professional audio recording sound file format used in DAW music production?
• What is the frequency range for ITD?
• The preferred or natural frequency of vibration for an object.
• A stand-alone keyboard workstation typically includes:
• Which organ is the snail-like structure that houses the organ of hearing?
• Which term describes the spatial region where localization cues fail due to insufficient differences between ears?
• What term describes the quality of a sound determined by its overtones?
• What is the term for changing the pitch of notes in MIDI editing?
• Which frequency range corresponds to Inter-aural Amplitude Difference (IAD)?
• In digital audio, a 'plug-in' is?
• Sound pressure is measured in what unit?
• What brought about the development and application of artificial reverb?
• How far along its cycle is a waveform, measured from 0 to 360 degrees?
• What is the preferred or natural frequency of vibration for an object?
• Which quantity is the number of cycles per unit of time, measured in Hertz (Hz)?